JAKARTA - Forest is the main component in the absorption of carbon emissions that cause global warming, because the forest is able to absorb the excess carbon in the air. Indonesia natural forest area with 90 million hectares of forest people and 1.2 million hectares (Ministry of Forestry, 2008) has a great potential that has not been fully termanfaatkan to save the environment from climate change. According to the FAO study in 2006 of the tree can absorb carbon in a large amount of air in a relatively short time. Forest can store about 15 tons of carbon / ha / year in the form of wood and biomassa.
People Dilirik forest area as a potential saving in donated services environment through absorption of carbon (carbon sequestration). "Forest people of the area already has a clear, clear owner, the type of planting is also a common type of their day-to-day plant such as teak and sengon, restriction area and because of the guaranteed security of the villagers and village officials that guarantee. All this increase the potential for preservation of forests, as well as the potential conflict that does not arise as konfilik. The natural forest area has a wide and diverse types of high value trees, but less arealnya security can be guaranteed, many natural forests are not yet production has not been clear or complete status of the regulation limit the potential conflict in the future. And who guarantees kelestariannya? "Said Dibyo Poedjowadi, Chairman KPWN, forestry cooperative institution that developed the method for investment results through superior penananaman teak in the forest people.
"We prefer the use for the land and people of marginal fringe of trees to be planted. With the pattern of results that we develop, both the timber and the absorption of carbon, rural areas will get about 60% of investment returns. Good for the village, land owners, farmers and penggarapnya. Besides planting teak and sengon on marginal land can help increase the value of the land is marginal. Production for the year 2004-2005 alone, the land has been planted sengon worth renting 10-30 jt / ha / yr. Compared with the land that is planted sugar cane, the value of the land lease only reach 2-3 million / ha / yr, "Dibyo supplement.
In addition, Dibyo menambahan, "With the addition of technology, we can calculate that with the means to plant the tree has helped to absorb the carbon tons / ha. Absorption of carbon can be calculated through a certain calculation method. With the calculation method we can see, Mr. MS Kaban penananaman do that as much as 2,653 trees in West Java and East Java was equivalen as carbon compensation from the activities that he do the day-to-day. "
Daru Asycarya, Plt LEI Executive Director, said, "This is the opportunities and open the opportunity for individuals and companies who are responsible to provide compensation on the carbon that has been issued through the party activities, ranging from motor vehicle use until the issue of industrial pollutant that affects the effect of gas greenhouse. Do not we just remove the pollution without any responsibility to minimize it. Industry have even greater social responsibility and the environment to provide greater compensation to the community that has provided a sustainable forest people as penyerap gas carbon. "
Program of cooperation LEI-KPWN this policy in line with the Forestry Department which recently encourage campaign One Man One Tree, which invite and encourage everyone to do the tree planting.
"In this occasion we want to give the award at the height of Mr. MS. Kaban has conducted a campaign of movement, as well as the movement has proved that planting can be useful for the broad community, which is evidenced with the absorption of carbon that can be counted, in addition to providing environmental services such as biodiversity conservation and land and water, "said Daru Asycarya deliver.
According to researchers from the National R & D Forestry Department, Kirsfianti Ginoga, to measure the amount of absorption of carbon from forests can use the equality allometrik. This method is quite simple to use measurement techniques such as measuring forest tree diameter, height, weight type of timber, soil sampling, and environmental survery. "This method can be chosen as a simple, easy, cheap, and many applied," he said.
Opportunities for the Forest and other forest-based Society
Teddy Rusolono, forestry experts from the Bogor Institute of Agriculture said, "Forest-based communities and the types of small-scale forest management can enter into other voluntary carbon market, the market does not need to follow the carbon between countries where the policy of the government was not ready." Entrance to the forest-based communities in carbon trading needs to be supported according to him because this is the opportunity to gain added value from the forest than the forest people and non-wood timber. According to Teddy, from the market, trade market for carbon that is required or the inter-state mechanisms and the CDM ReDD seemingly not ready to be implemented in Indonesia, because the demand for forestry is still very small, approximately 1% of the total emissions of investors, and only for activities itupun penghutanan return (reforestasi and afrestasi). According to the research CIFOR (2006) price of carbon in the international market has reached 5-15 euro per ton CO2. Expectations that are open for trading in carbon is through a voluntary carbon trading.
"And the voluntary carbon trading opportunities for forest-based communities have added value," said Daru Asycarya. Opportunities that will open when there is a certification standard carbon that is fair and able to support sustainable value added community-based forest management and sustainable indigenous forest in Indonesia, said Daru Asycarya
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